Marion Munk on Photobiomodulation in AMD | Plus, Oliver Hvidt on Norlase and the Future of Laser Technology This episode of RetinUp combines clinical innovation and device engineering, starting with a discussion on photobiomodulation (PBM) in age-related macular degeneration (AMD), followed by a deep dive into the future of ophthalmic laser technology. First, Marion Munk, MD, shares her extensive real-world experience using the Valeda Light Delivery System (Alcon) for PBM, including patient selection, treatment protocols, and functional outcomes. With over 300 patients treated, she provides one of the most comprehensive perspectives currently available on how PBM is being implemented in clinical practice. The episode then shifts to Oliver Hvidt, co-founder and CEO of Norlase, who explains how his training in economics led him to develop a next-generation, portable laser systems. The conversation explores how engineering, economics, and workflow design intersect to improve efficiency in retina practices. The episode opens with a brief discussion on optometric scope expansion in Kansas, where John explains that fears surrounding scope changes may be overblown. Hosts: John Kitchens, MD Scott Krzywonos Guests: Marion Munk, MD – Medical Retina & Uveitis Specialist, Gutblick Group (Switzerland) Oliver Hvidt – Co-Founder & CEO, Norlase Topics Covered Scope Expansion in Optometry Kansas legislation expanding optometric procedural scope Real-world experience from Kentucky following similar changes Why expanded scope has had limited impact on retina practice The evolving role of optometry as general ophthalmology declines Photobiomodulation in AMD (Marion Munk, MD) Differences between general “red light therapy” and medical PBM The Valeda Light Delivery System and evidence from LIGHTSITE trials Real-world outcomes from 300+ treated patients Ideal patient profiles (drusen-predominant AMD, non–center-involving GA) Reported benefits: improved dark adaptation, contrast, and daily function ~50–60% of patients reporting subjective improvement Challenges in correlating functional gains with OCT or structural changes Implementation strategies: standardized imaging, AI-assisted analysis, and patient tracking When to continue vs. discontinue treatment in non-responders Norlase and the Future of Laser Technology (Oliver Hvidt) Founding story: from engineering collaboration to ophthalmic application Redesigning laser architecture using semiconductor technology Miniaturization and portability (headset-based indirect laser systems) MEMS-based pattern scanning vs. traditional galvanometer systems Designing equipment around workflow efficiency, not just performance Addressing increasing patient volume with limited clinical resources Funding challenges in a post-COVID, AI-dominated investment landscape Future roadmap: software-driven upgrades and multi-specialty applications Key Takeaways Photobiomodulation is gaining traction, but patient selection and expectation-setting are critical. Functional improvements in AMD may not always correlate with structural imaging. Device innovation in retina is increasingly focused on efficiency, portability, and workflow integration. The future of ophthalmic technology will depend as much on practice economics as clinical performance. Sponsor Acknowledgment This episode includes a segment made possible with support from Alcon, featuring technologies like UNITY VCS designed to enhance surgical performance and efficiency. Credits: Production & Marketing: Laura Brown Business Operations: Liz Hogan 🎧 Listen at RetinUp.com | Apple Podcasts | Spotify | YouTube